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during Gauge models 3430 and 3440 Operator and Instruction Manuals may be down loaded from the Troxler Labs web site located at http://www.troxlerlabs.com. 215-10.XX Shaping Slopes, Class I is specified on the plans where the material required to bring the roadway to the designated cross section can be obtained or disposed of within an approximate distance of 1000 feet on the right of way. When specified, require compactive effort is performed when material is at proper moisture content. Linear grading should be used in special circumstances, such as median crossovers and connections to driveways for the obliteration where the grading quantities are within the limits of linear grading. advised to follow these progressive steps: The specifications require a center of mass to be used when material is taken from 1. when different soil types from cut areas are mixed and compacted under the M & Project engineer should notify the contractor of the concerns in writing. Currently the contractor performance rating evaluates the contractor's erosion control efforts at quarterly benchmark dates of January 1st, April 1st, June 1st, and September 1st. The exposed material to a depth of 6 in. This method, known as "presplitting", is not intended to loosen and break up an appreciable quantity of rock. shale, may meet the penetration requirements but still are not properly compacted.Where When a nuclear gauge is transported, it may be transported in the trunk of a passenger car or locked in a metal transportation box bolted securely to a pickup truck bed near the tailgate. Insert a dash in this space if contract does not specify moisture control. Indicate results that are retests, and make any other comments needed to explain results of tests, and to identify original test for which retest is made. Observe for condition and type of soil being excavated. When this testing is performed, arrangements are made with the project offices to set up a time for the inventory/wipe tests. Grading quantities computed by the computer are supplemented with incidental quantities that are usually computed manually. Item No. Compaction quantities are computed in accordance with the methods given in the standard specifications. Per Sec 203.3, the characteristics of the material in a contractor-furnished borrow area must first be tested and approved by the engineer prior to its use. other methods of compaction (Specification Cut compaction shall be performed to an additional depth of 12 in. Proctor's theory was that soils are composed of particles ranging in size from gravel, through sand, silt, and clay, to colloids. This is the percent of moisture specified in the contract if moisture control is required. Normal construction processes can correct some conditions that render material unsuitable. Require roadway surface to be kept properly shaped and drained. It is intended to provide a consistent approach for choosing sample sites, collecting samples, performing the necessary tests, and reporting test results. Unclassified excavation requires the same measurements for the determination of final quantities as classified material. The shaping is to eliminate the abrupt drop-off at the shoulder edge resulting from the resurfacing, and to dress up the slopes from an appearance and safety viewpoint. This situation is similar to the junction of a sidehill excavation and its laterally adjacent embankment. distances with the last settlement plate readings. If the contract fails to address such areas, the district soils & geology technologist should be consulted. The inspector should obtain the contractor's grading plan of operation. Care must be taken to avoid confusing Class C excavation with shale, fire clay, or similar materials, all of which are considered Class A Excavation. The plans do show separate quantities for compacting in cut and compacting embankment. Permanent stability depends on reducing voids to a minimum, which is a necessary condition for obtaining maximum density. Non-routine maintenance is to be performed only by certified, licensed repairmen. 3. The plans show balance points, a zero point on the mass diagram, to the nearest 1 ft. Enough tests should be run to verify results if unstable materials or unusual conditions are encountered. Compaction is performed by distributing equipment across a roadway approach with aggregate surfacing, and with 4 passes of a tamping roller or by 2 passes with a vibratory roller for rocky fills. The importance of keeping accurate, up-to-date records of all work being inspected cannot be overemphasized. Since resident engineers are responsible for the nuclear program in their office annual radiation safety training will be provided. By distributing movement of units, compactive effort is applied by hauling units, deep rutting is minimized, and compacting time of tampers and rollers is reduced. Borrow quantities are not to be finaled until all grading is completed. Any portion of an embankment below an elevation 50 ft beneath the top of the finished subgrade. 203-50.00 Unclassified Excavation] will fall somewhere in between depending on the amount of Class C material. The resident engineer will limit the amount of surface area of erodible earth material exposed at one time due to excavation, borrow fill within the project, contractor furnished borrow and excess material disposal site. Above the optimum moisture content, water has displaced most of the air causing a considerable reduction in stability. not control of rutting of the subgrade during pavement construction. In cases where the contractor operations would conflict with erosion control items, sediment containment measures must be concentrated where the soil-laden runoff from the cut area leaves the right-of-way (especially at equipment crossings and bridge projects). 206-55.00 Temporary Shoring, 203.2.3.6.1 Item No. Construction" (Form 821258) for the first 10 samples of each soil type. This will Only the end results (actual percent compaction) of the field density tests is to be rounded; the in-place weight per cubic foot, moisture content, etc. which will require more than 1 pass per 25 mm (1 inch) of loose thickness to obtain Divide the cut into smaller areas both longitudinally and transversely for separate consideration, if classification percentage varies appreciably through the cut. The swell factor also partially accounts for overbreak. compaction ovality Shrinkage and swell factors are usually determined for each improvement on the basis of previous experience with grading operations in the same area, or in a similar area, and is largely a matter of good engineering judgment aided by the preliminary geotechnical report and all other available data. Remarks. Sufficient measurements must be taken to establish correct pay quantities for each classification. Excavation is measured and payment is made on a volume basis, usually per cubic yard. This grading item, consisting of two classes, is used only for grading incidental to the construction of pavements on improvements that have been graded under a previous contract. After agreement is reached on the percentage of each classification, the contractor should be given a written copy of the agreement as a matter of record. This can result from lack of attention to embankment foundation preparation in these critical areas. Measurements and notes to document amount and reasons for undergrading and cut compaction. The task of finishing earthwork can be held to a minimum, better construction will result and erosion is minimized if every reasonable effort is made during excavation of cuts and construction of embankments to finish slopes, shoulders and ditches as work progresses. Specification 2107.07 will be The inspector should also be alert to any developing problems, which could lead to stream polluting. Rock embankment is considered to be that which is constructed of material resulting from excavation of Class C material or of unclassified excavation containing material predominantly rocky in nature. Methods for processing grading quantities are computed manually by plotting cross sections and templates and manually measuring and computing by the use of the double end area method. Unclassified excavation is not specified, except in special cases and where prior approval from the districts soil and geology technologist has been obtained. determination. Provisions of Sec 104.3 should be followed. Compaction is obtained in the field by hauling equipment and compacting rollers that impose pressure, impact vibration, and manipulation on the soil. Any deficiencies noted during a weekly inspection shall be corrected with seven calendar days of that inspection. MoDOTs material license, NRC, and DOT requirements, in addition to Operator Manuals, Emergency Procedures, maintenance guides, gauge inventory, wipe analysis, employee-training records can be found on at Radiation Management. For information see EPG 207.2 Class 2 Linear Grading. Deposition of Embankment Material The contractors are limited to the acreage authorized by the resident engineer. This is the percent compaction required by the contract for the particular area being tested. It is important to ensure that riser pipes are plumb and that the settlement plate is protected If a nuclear gauge is damaged or stolen, follow the "Emergency Procedures for Damaged Gauges" in the transportation packet. Each horizontal cut for the bench must begin at the intersection of the ground line and the vertical side of the previous bench. The documentation should reflect the number of items currently required on the project compared to the number of items properly installed and maintained. By addition of successive increments of a lubricant (water in this instance) resistance can be reduced and gradually overcome. is to be constructed with moisture and density control.A good method of obtaining proper Special Compaction of SubgradeSpecial Normally it will be the inspectors responsibility to enforce the requirements of MoDOT's Storm Water Permit obtained from DNR. Compaction should be measured and paid in accordance with Section 203 of the standard specifications. The district geologist or geotechnical specialist and district construction and materials personnel should be involved in the decision to include temporary shoring in a contract. designated subgrade treatment since a portion of the overload will ultimately become The less desirable materials should, whenever feasible, be used in the lower portion of the higher embankments. Contractor-Furnished Borrow from a Quarry Site. The proposed implementation plan should be in sufficient detail to assure the department that permanent erosion control features will be constructed at the earliest possible time and that adequate temporary controls will be used during the period of actual construction. obtain the best soil possible for select backfill. Item No. Sec 203.2 should be carefully reviewed before classifying chert as either Class A or Class C. Geologic definition for determining proper classification of Class C is defined in Sec 203. Additional information can be found in Soil Characteristics. These conditions cause variable initial strength. At the conclusion of the job the entire book is transmitted to the district office with the final plans to become a part of the permanent project record. Type A compaction requires a minimum of one rolling per 25 mm (1 inch) of loose Areas with ground cover do not count towards the erodible acreage allowed. They furnish a guide for future standard compaction tests since they were made in the Central Laboratory under ideal conditions. If this does not obtain results, the full quantity of Class 10 should not be paid The following steps should be taken: MoDOTs permit requires the quarterly reporting of projects with 1 acre or more of erodible area. The contractor must also provide written certification to the resident engineer that the proposed borrow site has been properly cleared of environmental concerns under all applicable federal and state laws and regulations. After cornstalks and tall grass are cut and removed, the area within the This usually requires removal of all vegetation, plowing of hard surface areas, and benching, in accordance with Sec 203. It is not required to give salvage credits for minor items such as base, surfacing and culvert pipe on temporary bypasses. However, such use should be kept to a minimum. the roller shall be supported on its feet. The roller is considered to be supported on This may not always be possible or practical, but it must be kept in mind that as many tests as possible should be made during backfilling of structures to assure adequate densities at these very critical locations. Volume grading quantities may be determined by the computer or manually. Very little true consolidation occurs, however, because of frictional resistance between the comparatively dry soil particles. Be familiar with the permit conditions. As excavation proceeds, material with characteristics entirely different from those anticipated by the designer may be encountered. and aggregate (normally special backfill) is then placed on top of the Polymer Grid.The The standard specifications provide that all materials removed under construction contracts, except guardrail, become the property of the contractor, unless otherwise specified in the contract. Suspension of the work on the project can be used if the preceding steps result tall shall be treated in accordance with Sec 203.5.8. As specified. It should be noted that Special Compaction of Subgrade is not inspected on the same basis Uneven riding surfaces may result from non-uniform soil types or from variations in moisture and density during construction. book entries. It is not practical or economical to provide temporary erosion control measures through cuts when grading operations are active. Spacing and depth of drill holes, type of explosive, loading sequence, methods of firing, and related matters are items to be determined by blasting experts. This is logical since the compactive effort as well as the lubricant is effective in overcoming frictional resistance of the particles. Performing standard compaction tests and density tests must be speeded up as much as possible without sacrificing accuracy. The inspector should see that the contractor has the proper permits, where necessary, for hauling over or across existing pavements or structures. up large lumps to grade the slope for the concrete revetment. Use other roadway exceptions to decrease the cost of roadside maintenance and to improve the appearance of the completed facility. 1.4 Mpa (200 pounds per inch) width of roller, may be used with one pass per 25 mm (1 inch)